Change: Rocket engines to Electronics --Processes and Applications

Power Transistors can include inductive kick back diodes

Transistors grown in layers

application options

Servo Valve coils worked with 8 ma from a vacuum tube Transmission Gate at right

“H” switch configuration could drive servo valve with one IC with four transmission gates

TRANSISTORS

Germanium Atom top Silicon Atom bottom P-material with Indium; N-material with Antimony

1 2 3

(1) Current must flow through transistor base in direction of arrow to turn on.

(2) “source” transistor to flow, out goes low; “sink” to stop flow, out goes high.

(3) If gate is high, out is high; if gate is low, out is low – there is no leakage source to drain.

CMOS does not leak power – making microprocessors possible.

Left: TTL Inverter Right: CMOS Inverter

NAND & AND device

Logic to JK Flip Flop

Counter Shift register

Latch Clock

From Logic Devices to Functional Devices

Analog to Digital concept to reduce nuclear vulnerability

Digital Data Bus Demonstrator

to reduce 6” high raceway to flat ½” and reduce required roll control.

Minuteman I Minuteman II Missile X Thrust vector control methods.

Last two methods require independent roll control

Change: perform digital signal processing

New Arithmetic logic unit – servo controls required use of 2’s complement binary numbers.

Most significant binary bits at left, sign bit at far left.

Hexidecimal

Decimal

Signed Binary.

2’s Complement

1’s Complement

Decimal

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

-8

-9

-A

-B

-C

-D

-E

-F

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

-8

-9

-10

-11

-12

-13

-14

-15

01111

01110

01101

01100

01011

01010

01001

01000

00111

00110

00101

00100

00011

00010

00001

00000

10001

10010

10011

10100

10101

10110

10111

11000

11001

11010

11011

11100

11101

11110

11111

01111

01110

01101

01100

01011

01010

01001

01000

00111

00110

00101

00100

00011

()0010

00001

00000

11111

11110

11101

11100

11011

11010

11001

11000

10111

10110

10101

10100

10011

10010

10001

01111

01110

01101

01100

01011

01010

01001

01000

00111

00110

00101

00100

00011

00010

00001

00000

11111

11110

11101

11100

11011

11010

11001

11000

10111

10110

10101

10100

10011

10010

10001

10000

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

-8

-9

-10

-11

-12

-13

-14

-15

Binary Arithmetic with plus and minus numbers require special preconditioning.

Autonetics Presidents: John Moore (Navaho & MM 1) Fred Eistone (MM 2 & 3) Don Williams (MM 3 & MX)

Fred, graduate of K-State, died prematurely of cancer

Block diagram of 2's complement multiply

Arithmetic Logic Unit’s can add or subtract, to multiply you do repeated addition.

Diagram of early experiment to perform multiplication functions. Board at right shows typical circuit method.

There is no photo to show multi-stage missile mockup Made of stacked plastic patio tables With launch control from adjacent work bench.

Lou Purpura Darrell Landau Jim Anderson Frank Lettang Elliot “Buck” Buxton Dr Bob Nease

The above persons participated and provided support for this effort

Above: analog definition of control requirement: Hydraulic Servo nil filtering – Turbine Gas Servo much filtering

Dr Blare Bona’s “Rosetta Stone” Differential Equations > Laplace > Z Transforms > and Sample Data methods

capability needed for each controlled servero per control cycle.

4 bit full adders set up for 8 bit computations for Sample Data mechanization.

Change to “Wire Wrap” connections Home made test equipment using hand calculator keys and display for input–output, for programmed command and captured response.

Changed concept to one time shared signal processor at the top for all down stage controls and method simulated using Autonetics AIM-64 as ground control for demonstrator.

Company was issued a contract for an MX missile using this configuration. Thrust vector control became part of the flight computer – my work came to an end.

Change again: I was assigned to help restart the B-1B program.

1977 Commodore 2001 PET with 6502 8 bit microprocessor had small keyboard, built in cassette, monitor, 8 K of RAM (Random Access Memory) and Basic installed in ROM (Read Only Memory) on motherboard. Small Keyboard included Graphics characters activated with shift key.

1978 Commodore PET 2001 with 6502 microprocessor 16K RAM with large keyboard and independent Cassette Memory Drive. Excellent machine except for 40 character wide screen. I wrote word processor in machine code, calling up routines stored in ROM on motherboard. Made possible by Collins Division deciphering of ROM codes and Microsoft Assembler and Dis-Assembler on cassette tape available via new Autonetics PC lab. Dot matrix printer with tractor feed paper was a great aid to programming.

1979 Commodore 2001 with 6502 microprocessor, 32 K RAM, large 80 characters wide screen & large keyboard was a great success. Dual floppy drive at left used IEEE 488 parallel cable -- at right dual floppy used RS232 serial interface. Once available this became the most used machine – prior to IBM playing catch up – these little guys were eating their lunch.

I took this machine with me to help start B-1B in 1980 and used it extensively – for word processing and running programs I wrote in Basic for evaluation of electronics Automatic Test Equipment. My 16 K and 32K machines were the first of their kind used by the B-1B North American Division – which had been devastated by Carters cancellation of the B-1A program.